USGS / The National Map · public-domain aerial
The Course · Weather DNA · Southampton, New York

Shinnecock is a wind site.

A treeless links on exposed coastal high ground, routed in every direction so the breeze turns through the day. Read against 35 Junes of weather and a wind model calibrated on 263,553 tour rounds, that character carries a price.

+1.0 strokes / round
What the wind adds to the field on a typical championship day at Shinnecock, versus a dead-calm one — at U.S. Open setup. The average is modest; the character is in the shape below.
40.894 N, 72.437 W Long Island's South Fork play-hours · days Setup grade U.S. Open · window June 1991–2025
Calm baseline
Course Rating + Slope
the dead-still difficulty — the golf-association number.
Weather DNA · this page
Severity & volatility
the course's weather character, integrated over its climatology.
Today's reading
Live wind tax
the same engine, evaluated at today's wind. (live page →)

The routing reads the wind

A wind rose, but weighted by what it costs. Each spoke is how often the wind blows from that quarter; its shade is how much Shinnecock's 18 holes are exposed to it — head-on into the long holes hurts, downwind forgives. The story is the mismatch.

Exposed. The east-northeast (E 1.06–1.07) finds the long holes head-on. It blows this way only ~6% of the time — but when it does, it bites.

Sheltered. The prevailing southwest sea breeze (S+SSW, 36% of June) sits below average exposure (E 0.94–0.96). Shinnecock is built to absorb its most common wind.

sheltered · E 0.93exposed · E 1.07

The teeth show on an easterly

Shinnecock hides from the wind it gets most. Its hardest exposure is the easterly it gets least. So the course's worst weather days aren't the windy norm — they're the off-direction ones, when a strong wind arrives from a quarter the routing can't swallow.

Severity, volatility, danger

Wind severity
+1.04
strokes added to the field per round vs dead calm, U.S. Open setup, integrated over 35 Junes.
Day-to-day swing
±0.63
standard deviation of the daily wind tax — how much Shinnecock's difficulty moves with the sky.
Draw injustice (wind)
0.48
typical morning-vs-afternoon gap from wind alone. Small — the 2018 chasm came from elsewhere.
Mean June wind
10.3 mph
p90 gusts to 16.1 mph; prevailing from the SSW (the sea breeze).
Danger zone
5%
of play-hours land in the 18–25 mph band where blow-up rounds accelerate (disaster rate ~19–21%).
Among championship venues
50/264mean wind
Windiest ~1 in 6 courses we've placed (39th of 264 on gusts). Shinnecock is genuinely a wind course.

The slow clock

The number above is wind — the fast clock. The other half of weather works slowly: dry-down. Days of sun and wind pull moisture out of the greens (FAO-56 evapotranspiration), and firm greens reject good shots. In June, Shinnecock net-dries — but it rarely bakes.

June drying (ET₀)
4.2 mm/day
reference evapotranspiration — the moisture the surface loses on a typical June day.
June rainfall
3.0 mm/day
net balance +1.2 mm/day drying — the greens trend firmer through the week.
Bone-dry fortnights
9%
of championship windows (Jun 8–22) run truly baked. 2018 was the tail, not the norm.
Tag, not multiplier. Firmness enters this profile as a labeled climatological tagbalanced — never as a number inside the severity above (m(F)=1.0 in v1). The firmness→strokes channel calibrates next (v1.1). This keeps every published figure traceable.

Why Shinnecock plays this way

Shinnecock Hills sits on Long Island's South Fork in Southampton, on high, treeless ground between Peconic Bay to the north and the Atlantic Ocean roughly two miles south. It is true links land — sandy, glacial soil that drains fast and plays firm, with holes routed in every direction across rolling, naturally exposed terrain. There is almost nothing on the property to stop the wind.

That exposure is the whole weather story. Long Island juts into the open Atlantic, Shinnecock sits on a rise above it, and the prevailing summer breeze comes off the ocean from the southwest, building through the afternoon. June here is mild — daytime highs in the low-to-mid 70s°F, rain on roughly one day in four — but the air is rarely still, and on firm, fast turf a moving ball runs out, shrinking every fairway and green. The routing turns through every point of the compass, so the wind doesn't just blow — it varies, group to group and hour to hour. That is the volatility the numbers above measure.

Location
Southampton, NY · Long Island's South Fork, between Peconic Bay and the Atlantic
Setting
A treeless, rolling links on sandy glacial soil — drains fast, plays firm and fast
June climate
Mild and breezy — highs ~70–77°F, rain on roughly 1 day in 4
Wind
Maritime, off the ocean from the southwest; high, exposed ground turns it through the day

What this says about 2018

The Saturday draw — morning +3.6, afternoon +6.1 — looked like wind. It wasn't. The wind that day was a flat ~10 mph across both waves, and Shinnecock's wind draw-injustice runs only ~0.5 strokes. The 2.6-stroke collapse was the slow clock: greens firming under days of dry-down, faster than the crews could re-wet. The DNA had it both ways — a wind course that, in June, is governed at the margin by its surface.